A Dictionary of Symbols

Construct Connotation Dictionary of Visual Symbols

We present the first version of an electronic dictionary (http://vis.upf.edu/CDVS/test.aspx) where designers can find pictures to represent abstract concepts. It aims at the variety of visual expressions for an arbitrary abstract concept and the efficiency of browsing. This dictionary is driven by an automatic knowledge extraction method, which allows the dictionary entries to be dynamic, corre...

An Investigation into Bilingual Dictionary Use: Do the Frequency of Use and Type of Dictionary Make a Difference in L2 Writing Performance?

Bilingual dictionary use in L2 writing test performance has recently been the subject of debate. Opinions differ according to how the trait is understood and whether the system favors the process-oriented or product-oriented views towards the assessment and writing skill. Given the need for more empirical support, this study is aimed at investigating the availability of bilingual dictionary use...

a comparison of linguistic and pragmatic knowledge: a case of iranian learners of english

در این تحقیق دانش زبانشناسی و کاربردشناسی زبان آموزان ایرانی در سطح بالای متوسط مقایسه شد. 50 دانش آموز با سابقه آموزشی مشابه از شش آموزشگاه زبان مختلف در دو آزمون دانش زبانشناسی و آزمون دانش گفتار شناسی زبان انگلیسی شرکت کردند که سوالات هر دو تست توسط محقق تهیه شده بود. همچنین در این تحقیق کارایی کتابهای آموزشی زبان در فراهم آوردن درون داد کافی برای زبان آموزان ایرانی به عنوان هدف جانبی تحقیق ...

Appendix A: List of Symbols

A High Capacity Email Steganography Scheme using Dictionary

The main objective of steganography is to conceal a secret message within a cover-media in such a way that only the original receiver can discern the presence of the hidden message. The cover-media can be a text, email, audio, image, and video, which can be transmitted through a public channel, such as the Internet. By extending the use of email among Internet users, the provision of email steg...